8, July 2025

Demographic Dividend of India : Opportunity and Challenges

VOLUME-11; ISSUE-7; JULY-2025

Author(s): Samarita Kashyap

Authors Affiliations:

Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Mariani College, Jorhat, Assam, India

DOIs:10.2015/IJIRMF/202507009     |     Paper ID: IJIRMF202507009


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India stands on the cusp of a demographic dividend, as highlighted by the United Nations Population Fund, with over 600 million people aged 18 to 35, and a projected peak in the working-age population (20–59 years) at 59% around 2041. This research article delves into the opportunities and challenges associated with India's demographic dividend, exploring its potential economic benefits until 2055–56. Examining the literature and statistical trends, the article uncovers opportunities such as a positive growth in the working-age population, stability from 2019 to 2022, and positive economic growth rates in the post-pandemic era. Challenges include fluctuations in the working-age population growth, vulnerability to external shocks, and disparities in labor force participation. Policy implications are delineated, emphasizing the need for skill development, economic stability measures, sustained educational investments, and healthcare reforms. It concludes that while India has the potential to harness its demographic dividend, strategic attention to economic stability, health expenditure, and employment structures is imperative. The article underscores the significance of well-crafted policies that address both opportunities and challenges, aiming for sustainable economic growth and improved overall well-being.

Demographic Dividend, Economic Growth, Employment, Health Care, Education, Skill Enhancement.

Samarita Kashyap(2025); Demographic Dividend of India : Opportunity and Challenges, International Journal for Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Field, ISSN(O): 2455-0620, Vol-11, Issue-7, Pp.45-55.          Available on –   https://www.ijirmf.com/

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