27, February 2026

Impact of Virtual Inertia Emulation on AGC Performance in High-Penetration Solar Areas

VOLUME-12; ISSUE-2; FEB-2026

Author(s): 1.Prakriti Kumar Srivastava, 2.Pankaj Rai

Authors Affiliations:

1Research Schloar, Department of Electrical Engineering, BIT Sindri Dhanbad, Affiliated to JUT Ranchi, Jharkhand, India 828123

2Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, BIT Sindri Dhanbad, Affliated to JUT Ranchi, Jharkhand, India 828123

DOIs:10.2015/IJIRMF/202602030     |     Paper ID: IJIRMF202602030


Abstract
Keywords
Cite this Article/Paper as
References

Abstract:    The global shift toward renewable energy has significantly increased the penetration of solar photovoltaics (PV) in modern power grids. However, the displacement of conventional synchronous generators by inverter-based resources (IBRs) leads to a reduction in system inertia, causing rapid frequency fluctuations and challenging the efficacy of Automatic Generation Control (AGC). This paper investigates the impact of Virtual Inertia Emulation (VIE) on AGC performance within high-penetration solar environments. By utilizing power electronics to mimic the kinetic energy of rotating masses, VIE provides an immediate response to frequency disturbances. Through a simulated two-area power system, we demonstrate that VIE reduces the Frequency Nadir and stabilizes the Area Control Error (ACE) faster than traditional systems. The study concludes that VIE is essential for maintaining grid reliability as solar energy becomes the dominant power source.

 

 

 

 

Key Words:  Virtual Inertia Emulation (VIE), Automatic Generation Control (AGC), Solar Photovoltaics, Frequency Stability, Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF).

Prakriti Kumar Srivastava, Pankaj Rai (2026); Impact of Virtual Inertia Emulation on AGC Performance in High-Penetration Solar Areas,

Post Views: 65

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads:6 | No. of Views: 58