29, July 2026

Sansaar Pokhar, Lakhisarai (Bihar): Ecological, Historical and Conservation Perspectives. A Comprehensive Review

VOLUME-12; ISSUE-7; JULY-2026

Author(s): Dr. Priyama Kumari

Authors Affiliations:

Research Scholar

University Department of Zoology, Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India

DOIs:10.2015/IJIRMF/202607018     |     Paper ID: IJIRMF202607018


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Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth and play a fundamental role in sustaining biodiversity, regulating hydrological processes, improving water quality, supporting fisheries, and maintaining ecological balance. India possesses a rich diversity of wetlands that provide numerous ecological, economic, and cultural benefits. Bihar, situated within the fertile Indo-Gangetic plains, contains several natural and man-made wetlands, ponds, oxbow lakes, and marshes that have historically supported local communities. Among these freshwater ecosystems, Sansaar Pokhar (also known as Sansar Pokhar) in Lakhisarai district represents an ecologically and culturally significant water body. Besides serving as an important freshwater resource, the pond has historical associations with the ancient civilization of the region and contributes to groundwater recharge, local biodiversity conservation, fisheries, and religious activities.

Despite its importance, comprehensive scientific information on Sansaar Pokhar remains limited, with available knowledge scattered across historical records, government reports, environmental surveys, and local documentation. Rapid urbanization, indiscriminate waste disposal, encroachment, eutrophication, sediment accumulation, and declining water quality threaten the ecological integrity of the pond. These anthropogenic pressures have reduced habitat quality for aquatic organisms and weakened ecosystem services.

This review synthesizes the available literature on the historical background, geographical characteristics, hydrology, biodiversity, ecological functions, socio-economic significance, environmental threats, and conservation opportunities of Sansaar Pokhar. It also identifies major research gaps requiring multidisciplinary investigation. The review highlights the urgent need for integrated wetland management involving scientific monitoring, community participation, restoration of native vegetation, pollution control, and policy implementation. Strengthening ecological research on Sansaar Pokhar will contribute to sustainable freshwater conservation in eastern India while preserving an important component of Bihar’s natural and cultural heritage.

Wetland ecology, Sansaar Pokhar, Lakhisarai, Bihar, Freshwater ecosystem, Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystem services, Urban wetlands.

Dr. Priyama Kumari (2026); Sansaar Pokhar, Lakhisarai (Bihar): Ecological, Historical and Conservation Perspectives. A Comprehensive Review, International Journal for Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Field, ISSN(O): 2455-0620, Vol-12, Issue-7, Available on –   https://www.ijirmf.com/

  1. Government of Bihar. (2023). Lakhisarai District Profile. Government of Bihar.
  2. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC). (2021). National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems (NPCA). Government of India.
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  6. Ramsar Convention Secretariat (2016). An Introduction to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands.
  7. Gopal, B. (2013). Future of Wetlands in India. National Institute of Ecology.
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