15, April 2025
The Sharia Ruling on Plastic Surgery
Author(s): Naeimah Mohammed Abduljawad Abdulsalam
Authors Affiliations:
Sabratha University / College Education Surman
Department Of Islamic Studies
DOIs:10.2015/IJIRMF/2025004006 | Paper ID: IJIRMF202504006Abstract
Keywords
Cite this Article/Paper as
References
Abstract: Plastic surgery in Islam is permissible for legitimate medical or psychological needs, such as correcting congenital deformities or treating the effects of burns and accidents, provided it does not cause greater harm. Cosmetic surgeries performed without a genuine need are prohibited by Islamic law, as they constitute unjustified alteration of God's creation. Sharia-based controls must be observed, such as proper intention and the absence of less risky alternatives.
And This research addresses the Sharia ruling on plastic surgery, explaining its types (therapeutic, reconstructive, and aesthetic), and the evidence for its permissibility and prohibition from the Qur’an, Sunnah, and the sayings of Islamic jurists. It aims to define the Sharia controls for cosmetic procedures, distinguishing between permissible cases (such as correcting congenital deformities or treating burns) and prohibited cases (such as filing teeth and tattooing without necessity). It also discusses contemporary issues such as unjustified alteration of creation, and presents a balanced jurisprudential perspective that links Sharia texts with contemporary needs.
Keywords: plastic surgery, -Sharia ruling, Jurisprudential controls.
Naeimah Mohammed Abduljawad Abdulsalam(2025); The Sharia Ruling on Plastic Surgery, International Journal for Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Field, ISSN(O): 2455-0620, Vol-11, Issue-4, Pp.39-47. Available on – https://www.ijirmf.com/
- Ibn Manzur, Lisan al-Arab, (sentences), Al-Azhari, Tahdhib al-Lughah, (sentences), 111/106 Al-Jawhari, Al-Sahah (sentences), 4/1661
- Al-Fayruzabadi, Al-Qamus Al-Muhit (good), p. 1189; Al-Zubaidi, Taj Al-Arus, (good), 18/146,140.
- A group of scholars from the Foundation (Golden Press) by Modern Medical Encyclopedia, translated by Dr. Ahmed Ammar and others, Arab Record Foundation, Cairo, second edition 1970 AD, 3/454.
- Osama Sabbagh, Plastic Surgery and its Ruling in Islamic Law, Dar Ibn Hazm, Beirut – Lebanon, 1st ed., 1999.
- Abdul Rahman bin Nasser Al-Saadi, Facilitating the Speech of the Most Gracious in the interpretation of the Speech of the Generous, edited by Ibn Uthaymeen (Al-Risalah Foundation, Beirut, Lebanon, 2000)
- Azdihar bint Mahmoud bint Sabir Al-Madani, Rulings on Women’s Beautification in Islamic Law, Master’s bysis, College of Education, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, 2002
- Adel Shaaban Ibrahim, Necessity and its Impact on Modern Medical Operations, 1st ed., Riyadh Publishing and Distribution House, 2009
- Mahmoud Ali Al-Saratwi, Contemporary Medical Issues in the Light of Islamic Law, Plastic Surgery, 2nd ed., Dar Al-Fikr, Amman (2007).
- Ibn Aadeen, Commentary on Ibn Abidin (373/6), Ibn Hajar, Fath Al-Bari (372/10), Al-Nawawi, Explanation of Sahih Muslim, (107/14)
- Surah Al-A’raf, verse 32.
- Al-Qurtubi, by Collection of the Rulings of the Qur’an (393/5); Ibn Hajar, Fath Al-Bari, (379/10)
- Surah At-Tin: Verse 4.
- Surah Al-A’raf, verse 31.
- Abu Dawud, Sunan Abi Dawud, Book of Clothing, Chapter on Washing Clothes and on Weaknesses, Hadith No. (4062), Al-Nasa’i, Sunan Al-Sughra, Book of Adornment, Chapter on Combing the Hair, Hadith No. (5238), authenticated by Al-Albani in Sahih Sunan Abi Dawud, Hadith No. (3427).
- Abu Dawood, Sunan Abi Dawood, Book of Adornment, Hadith No. (4163), authenticated by Al-Albani. See Irwa’ Al-Ghaleel, No. (1532).
- Al-Bukhari, Sahih Al-Bukhari, Book of Itikaf, Chapter: One should not enter the house except for a need, Hadith No. (2029); Muslim, Sahih Muslim, Book of Menstruation, Chapter: by permissibility of a menstruating woman washing her husband’s head and combing it, Hadith No. (297), and the wording is his.
- Abu Dawood, Sunan Abi Dawood, Book of Adornment, Hadith No. (3878), and it was authenticated by Al-Hakim in his Mustadrak, Hadith No. (7378).
- Muhammad Khalid Mansour, Medical Provisions Related to Women in Islamic Jurisprudence, Dar Al-Nafayes, 2nd ed., Amman, Jordan, 1999.
- Abu Dawood, Sunan Abi Dawood, Book of Adornment, Hadith No. (3878), and it was authenticated by Al-Hakim in his Mustadrak, Hadith No. (7378).
- Al-Tahawi, Al-Tahawi’s Commentary, (186/4).
- Al-Nawawi, Al-Majmu` (3/145)
- Waras: a yellow plant used as a dye, women used it. See: Ibn al-Athir, Al-Nihaya fi Gharib al-Hadith wa al-Athar, entry (waras). (151/5)
- Al-Tirmidhi, Al-Jami’, Book of Purification, Chapter on What Was Said About How Long a Woman Should Stay in Postpartum Period, Hadith No. (139), and Al-Albani said in Sahih Al-Tirmidhi: A good and authentic hadith.
- Botox, which is made from bacteria, works by moving and stabilizing the nerves to the muscles. Collagen is the connective tissue that gives the skin its strength. It is extracted from cows and injected into the skin and around the eyes in small quantities. See Mazen Al-Sawaf, Plastic Surgery and Beauty, 1st ed., Aladdin House, Damascus 2000.
- Al-Tirmidhi, Sunan Al-Tirmidhi, Book of Clothing, Chapter on What Was Said About Fastening Teeth with Gold, Hadith No. (1770), 371/3. Al-Albani said: A good hadith, Sunan Al-Tirmidhi, Hadith No. (1770), 371/3.
- Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 3rd ed., Beirut, Lebanon, 2010
- Al-Fawzan Saleh Muhammad, Plastic Surgery, A Medical Presentation and a Detailed Jurisprudential Study, 2nd ed., Dar Al-Tadmuriyah, Riyadh, 2008.
- Al-Nawra: the smoke of a wick used as kohl or a tattoo. See: Ibn Manzur, Lisan al-Arab (240/5).
- Surah An-Nisa: Verse 119
- Al-Bukhari, Sahih Al-Bukhari, Book of Hajj, Chapter on Entering the Kaaba Early, Hadith No. (5943)
- Ibn Aadin, Commentary on Ibn Abidin (373/6); Ibn Hajar, Fath al-Bari (372/10); al-Nawawi, Explanation of Sahih Muslim, (107/14)
- Marwan Khalaf Al-Damour, Jurisprudential Rulings Related to Teeth, Dar Al-Mamun, Amman, 1st ed., 1428 AH
- Surah An-Nisa: Verse 119.
